The book is a tribute to Professor Tang Chi-hua and to his academic achievement by the “Sino-foreign relations and the formation of modern China” research group which consists of former students of Professor Tang. Therefore, essays in the book center on issues relating to the diplomatic history of modern China, including: (1) new approaches for the study of the diplomatic history of the Beiyang government, (2) changes of diplomatic orders and the birth of professional diplomats in modern China, (3) philanthropic activities of the China International Famine Relief Commission, (4) weather stations and territorial sovereignty in the South China Sea, (5) China’s diplomatic relations with countries without treaties by a case study of the Turks in Xinjiang during World War I, (6) the Sino-foreign Treaty Trade Organization in late Qing China, (7) changes of managements of the treaty ports since the Opium Wars, (8) the inheritance and renewal of Yuan Shikai’s diplomatic thoughts, and (9) Hu Weide and the diplomatic history of the Beiyang government. Essays in the book, written by junior scholars in Taiwan working on the diplomatic history of modern China and the history of the Sino-foreign relations, present latest research focuses and academic potential of these junior scholars. The title of the book symbolizes that the young generation not only inherits the tradition of studies of the diplomatic history of modern China and the history of the Sino-foreign relations but has developed their new perspectives.